NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE C1

General Information (adopted from Orphanet):

Synonyms, Signs: NEUROVISCERAL STORAGE DISEASE WITH VERTICAL SUPRANUCLEAR OPHTHALMOPLEGIA NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE D, INCLUDED
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, NOVA SCOTIAN TYPE, INCLUDED
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE WITHOUT SPHINGOMYELINASE DEFICIENCY
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, SUBACUTE JUVENILE FORM
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE WITH CHOLESTEROL ESTERIFICATION BLOCK
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, CHRONIC NEURONOPATHIC FORM
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, TYPE C
NPC1
NPC
Number of Symptoms 38
OrphanetNr:
OMIM Id: 257220
ICD-10:
UMLs:
MeSH:
MedDRA:
Snomed:

Prevalence, inheritance and age of onset:

Prevalence: No data available.
Inheritance:
Age of onset:

Disease classification (adopted from Orphanet):

Parent Diseases: No data available.

Symptom Information: Sort by abundance 

1
(HPO:0000511) Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy 4 / 7739
2
(HPO:0001332) Dystonia 197 / 7739
3
(HPO:0001249) Intellectual disability 1089 / 7739
4
(HPO:0001250) Seizures 1245 / 7739
5
(HPO:0000726) Dementia 131 / 7739
6
(HPO:0002066) Gait ataxia 327 / 7739
7
(HPO:0002371) Loss of speech 15 / 7739
8
(HPO:0001251) Ataxia 413 / 7739
9
(HPO:0002524) Cataplexy 8 / 7739
10
(HPO:0002311) Incoordination 84 / 7739
11
(HPO:0001263) Global developmental delay 853 / 7739
12
(HPO:0000709) Psychosis 61 / 7739
13
(HPO:0000708) Behavioral abnormality 212 / 7739
14
(HPO:0001260) Dysarthria 329 / 7739
15
(HPO:0002015) Dysphagia 301 / 7739
16
(HPO:0001268) Mental deterioration 88 / 7739
17
(HPO:0001257) Spasticity 251 / 7739
18
(HPO:0001270) Motor delay 322 / 7739
19
(HPO:0001791) Fetal ascites 4 / 7739
20
(HPO:0006583) Fatal liver failure in infancy 3 / 7739
21
(HPO:0001744) Splenomegaly 337 / 7739
22
(HPO:0006579) Prolonged neonatal jaundice 25 / 7739
23
(HPO:0002240) Hepatomegaly 467 / 7739
24
(HPO:0003640) Foam cells in visceral organs and CNS 2 / 7739
25
(HPO:0004333) Bone-marrow foam cells 11 / 7739
26
(HPO:0001982) Sea-blue histiocytosis 7 / 7739
27
(HPO:0003349) Low cholesterol esterification rates 4 / 7739
28
(HPO:0003464) Abnormal cholesterol homeostasis 2 / 7739
29
(HPO:0008947) Infantile muscular hypotonia 482 / 7739
30
(HPO:0001324) Muscle weakness 859 / 7739
31
(HPO:0010547) Muscle flaccidity 466 / 7739
32
(HPO:0001252) Muscular hypotonia 990 / 7739
33
(OMIM) Neuronal loss, particularly of cerebellar Purkinje cells 1 / 7739
34
(OMIM) Foam cells on bone marrow biopsy 2 / 7739
35
(OMIM) Normal or mildly reduced sphingomyelinase activity 2 / 7739
36
(OMIM) Foam cells contain polymorphic cytoplasmic inclusions consisting of lamellar osmiophilic membranes on electron microscopy 2 / 7739
37
(HPO:0002529) Neuronal loss in central nervous system 37 / 7739
38
(HPO:0002185) Neurofibrillary tangles 14 / 7739

Associated genes:

ClinVar (via SNiPA)

Gene symbol Variation Clinical significance Reference

Additional Information:

Description: (OMIM) Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is an autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration. Approximately 95% of cases are caused by mutations in the NPC1 gene, referred to as type C1; 5% are caused by mutations ...
Clinical Description OMIM Niemann-Pick disease type C has a highly variable clinical phenotype. Patients with the 'classic' childhood onset type C usually appear normal for 1 or 2 years with symptoms appearing between 2 and 4 years. They gradually develop neurologic ...
Molecular genetics OMIM In several patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C, Carstea et al. (1997) identified mutations in the NPC1 gene (607623.0001-607623.0003). In a study of cDNA and genomic DNA isolated from the fibroblasts of 11 patients with NPC1, 10 Japanese ...
Population genetics OMIM Greer et al. (1997) noted that Yarmouth County in Nova Scotia appears to have the world's highest incidence of Niemann-Pick type II disease (encompassing types C and D). The frequency of affected children in 1 region of the ...
Diagnosis GeneReviews The diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) should be considered in individuals presenting with the following [Vanier 1997]:...
Clinical Description GeneReviews Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) may present at any age....
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations GeneReviews NPC1. In the approximately 200 mutations described in NPC1 [Scott & Ioannou 2004, Fernandez-Valero et al 2005], genotype-phenotype correlation is limited because most affected individuals are compound heterozygotes; and correlation of the trafficking defects demonstrable in culture and the clinical phenotype is poor. Nonetheless, some correlations have been possible for homozygous mutations and the more common mutations in heterozygous state:...
Differential Diagnosis GeneReviews Neonatal and infantile presentations include biliary atresia, congenital infections, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, tyrosinemia, malignancies (leukemia, lymphoma, histiocytosis), other storage diseases (e.g., Gaucher disease, Niemann-Pick disease type A, Niemann-Pick disease type B), and infections (e.g., TORCH). A study from Colorado found that 27% of infants initially diagnosed with idiopathic neonatal cholestasis and 8% of all infants with cholestasis had NPC [Yerushalmi et al 2002]. Although this cohort may have been enriched by a local Hispanic genetic isolate, the importance of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) as a cause of jaundice in infants is appropriately emphasized....
Management GeneReviews To establish the extent of disease in an individual diagnosed with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC), the following evaluations are recommended:...
Molecular genetics GeneReviews Information in the Molecular Genetics and OMIM tables may differ from that elsewhere in the GeneReview: tables may contain more recent information. —ED....