Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a reversible form of cholestasis that occurs most often in the third trimester of pregnancy and recurs in 45 to 70% of subsequent pregnancies. Symptoms include pruritus, jaundice, increased serum bile salts, and ... Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a reversible form of cholestasis that occurs most often in the third trimester of pregnancy and recurs in 45 to 70% of subsequent pregnancies. Symptoms include pruritus, jaundice, increased serum bile salts, and abnormal liver enzymes, all of which resolve rapidly after delivery. However, the condition is associated with fetal complications, including placental insufficiency, premature labor, fetal distress, and intrauterine death. Some women with ICP may also be susceptible to oral contraceptive-induced cholestasis (OCIC) (summary by Pasmant et al., 2012). - Genetic Heterogeneity of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy See also ICP3 (614972), caused by mutation in the ABCB4 gene (171060).
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was reported in sisters by Svanborg and Ohlsson (1959), Cahill (1962), and Fast and Roulston (1964).
Holzbach and Sanders (1965) reported a mother and 2 daughters with recurrent ICP characterized by generalized ... Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was reported in sisters by Svanborg and Ohlsson (1959), Cahill (1962), and Fast and Roulston (1964). Holzbach and Sanders (1965) reported a mother and 2 daughters with recurrent ICP characterized by generalized itching, with or without jaundice, during pregnancy. The disorder began primarily in the third trimester and disappeared shortly postpartum. There was no biliary colic, no jaundice or pruritus between pregnancies, and no chronic liver disease. Holzbach et al. (1983) updated the pedigree. In all, there were 5 affected women in 4 sibships spanning 3 generations. The authors favored female-limited autosomal dominant inheritance. A male transmitted the disorder from his mother to his daughter. During periods between pregnancies, the trait could be demonstrated by an oral steroid hormone challenge test or by use of oral contraceptives. Somayaji et al. (1968) reported sisters who developed cholestatic jaundice following the taking of an oral contraceptive agent. One of them had had pruritus during the latter part of each of 3 pregnancies. McKusick and Clayton (1968) observed that mothers of patients with PFIC1 had severe pruritus in late pregnancy, raising the possibility that cholestasis of pregnancy may be a manifestation of the heterozygous state of the gene which in the homozygote produces a fatal form of cholestasis. Reyes et al. (1978) and Reyes (1982) reported that ICP is frequent in the Araucanian Indians of Chile. Reyes et al. (1976) reported a large kindred from Chile in which 10 of 32 multiparous women in the last 2 generations had ICP. There were 2 probable instances of males who transmitted the disorder to a daughter.