Sirenomelia

General Information (adopted from Orphanet):

Synonyms, Signs: SDAM CAUDAL DYSGENESIS SYNDROME, INCLUDED
SACRAL AGENESIS, INCLUDED
SIRENOMELIA, INCLUDED
CAUDAL REGRESSION SYNDROME, INCLUDED
Number of Symptoms 31
OrphanetNr: 3169
OMIM Id: 600145
ICD-10: Q87.2
UMLs: C0037205
MeSH: C538595
MedDRA: 10049216
Snomed: 253191000
67254002
91089008

Prevalence, inheritance and age of onset:

Prevalence: 0.71 of 100 000 [Orphanet]
Inheritance: Not applicable
[Orphanet]
Age of onset: Antenatal
Neonatal
[Orphanet]

Disease classification (adopted from Orphanet):

Parent Diseases: Syndrome with limb malformations as a major feature
 -Rare developmental defect during embryogenesis
Syndromic anorectal malformation
 -Rare abdominal surgical disease
 -Rare developmental defect during embryogenesis
 -Rare genetic disease

Symptom Information: Sort by abundance 

1
(HPO:0100515) Pollakisuria 12 / 7739
2
(HPO:0000062) Ambiguous genitalia Very frequent [Orphanet] 74 / 7739
3
(HPO:0000011) Neurogenic bladder 11 / 7739
4
(HPO:0000079) Abnormality of the urinary system Very frequent [Orphanet] 88 / 7739
5
(HPO:0008678) Renal hypoplasia/aplasia Very frequent [Orphanet] 127 / 7739
6
(HPO:0000078) Abnormality of the genital system Very frequent [Orphanet] 33 / 7739
7
(HPO:0001140) Epibulbar dermoid 11 / 7739
8
(HPO:0002315) Headache 175 / 7739
9
(HPO:0006946) Recurrent meningitis 6 / 7739
10
(HPO:0002414) Spina bifida Frequent [Orphanet] 47 / 7739
11
(HPO:0009790) Hemisacrum 4 / 7739
12
(HPO:0003418) Back pain 17 / 7739
13
(HPO:0002818) Abnormality of the radius Frequent [Orphanet] 96 / 7739
14
(HPO:0007293) Anterior sacral meningocele 4 / 7739
15
(HPO:0010497) Sirenomelia Very frequent [Orphanet] 6 / 7739
16
(HPO:0010305) Absence of the sacrum Very frequent [Orphanet] 17 / 7739
17
(HPO:0002023) Anal atresia Very frequent [Orphanet] 135 / 7739
18
(HPO:0002575) Tracheoesophageal fistula Frequent [Orphanet] 54 / 7739
19
(HPO:0001626) Abnormality of the cardiovascular system Frequent [Orphanet] 73 / 7739
20
(OMIM) Prolonged labor 3 / 7739
21
(OMIM) Coccyx defects 3 / 7739
22
(OMIM) Sacral agenesis 4 / 7739
23
(OMIM) Obstructed labor 3 / 7739
24
(OMIM) Constipation due to mass effect of meningocele 3 / 7739
25
(OMIM) Tethered spinal cord 5 / 7739
26
(OMIM) 'Scimitar' sign on X-ray 3 / 7739
27
(OMIM) Neural tube defects may occur 3 / 7739
28
(OMIM) Lipoma, anterior sacral 3 / 7739
29
(OMIM) Urinary retention due to mass effect of meningocele 3 / 7739
30
(OMIM) Cysts tend to enlarge with age 3 / 7739
31
(OMIM) Anterior sacral hemidefect 3 / 7739

Associated genes:

ClinVar (via SNiPA)

Gene symbol Variation Clinical significance Reference

Additional Information:

Description: (OMIM) Sacral defect with anterior meningocele (SDAM) is a form of caudal dysgenesis. It is present at birth and becomes symptomatic later in life, usually because of obstructive labor in females, chronic constipation, or meningitis. Inheritance is autosomal dominant ...
Clinical Description OMIM Cohn and Bay-Nielsen (1969) described 7 females with anterior sacral meningocele and partial absence of the sacrum and coccyx. Symptoms included constipation and urinary incontinence. As 1 unaffected female appeared to have transmitted the disorder, the authors suggested ...
Molecular genetics OMIM In a study of 144 patients with neural tube defects and 106 controls, Kibar et al. (2007) tested the hypothesis that mutations in the VANGL1 gene (610132), a human homolog of a Drosophila gene that is required for ...
Population genetics OMIM Orioli et al. (2011) performed a large epidemiologic study describing the prevalence, associated malformations, and maternal characteristics among cases with sirenomelia. Data originated from 19 birth defect surveillance system members of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance ...