Blepharophimosis - epicanthus inversus - ptosis

General Information (adopted from Orphanet):

Synonyms, Signs: BPES BPES, TYPE I, INCLUDED
BPES WITH OVARIAN FAILURE, INCLUDED
BPES WITH DUANE RETRACTION SYNDROME, INCLUDED
BPES, TYPE II, INCLUDED
BPES WITHOUT OVARIAN FAILURE, INCLUDED
BPES, TYPE I, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, INCLUDED
Blepharophimosis types 1 and 2
Number of Symptoms 35
OrphanetNr: 126
OMIM Id: 110100
ICD-10: Q10.3
UMLs:
MeSH:
MedDRA:
Snomed:

Prevalence, inheritance and age of onset:

Prevalence: No data available.
Inheritance: Autosomal dominant
Not applicable
[Orphanet]
Age of onset: Neonatal
[Orphanet]

Disease classification (adopted from Orphanet):

Parent Diseases: Non-acquired premature ovarian failure
 -Rare endocrine disease
 -Rare genetic disease
 -Rare gynecologic or obstetric disease
Nonsyndromic developmental defect of the eye
 -Rare developmental defect during embryogenesis
 -Rare eye disease
 -Rare genetic disease
Ptosis
 -Rare eye disease
 -Rare genetic disease
Secondary ectropion
 -Rare eye disease
 -Rare genetic disease
Telecanthus
 -Rare eye disease
 -Rare genetic disease

Symptom Information: Sort by abundance 

1
(HPO:0000789) Infertility Frequent [Orphanet] 74 / 7739
2
(HPO:0000858) Menstrual irregularities 42 / 7739
3
(HPO:0000141) Amenorrhea 16 / 7739
4
(HPO:0008222) Female infertility 7 / 7739
5
(HPO:0008209) Premature ovarian failure 28 / 7739
6
(HPO:0000431) Wide nasal bridge 290 / 7739
7
(HPO:0000218) High palate 356 / 7739
8
(HPO:0000286) Epicanthus Very frequent [Orphanet] 371 / 7739
9
(HPO:0005280) Depressed nasal bridge Very frequent [Orphanet] 381 / 7739
10
(HPO:0000537) Epicanthus inversus 7 / 7739
11
(HPO:0000506) Telecanthus 156 / 7739
12
(HPO:0000568) Microphthalmia 183 / 7739
13
(HPO:0000581) Blepharophimosis Very frequent [Orphanet] 197 / 7739
14
(HPO:0000664) Synophrys Occasional [Orphanet] 112 / 7739
15
(HPO:0000540) Hypermetropia 99 / 7739
16
(HPO:0000632) Lacrimation abnormality Frequent [Orphanet] 42 / 7739
17
(HPO:0000545) Myopia Frequent [Orphanet] 286 / 7739
18
(HPO:0000486) Strabismus Occasional [Orphanet] 576 / 7739
19
(HPO:0000508) Ptosis Very frequent [Orphanet] 459 / 7739
20
(HPO:0000639) Nystagmus Occasional [Orphanet] 555 / 7739
21
(HPO:0000482) Microcornea 102 / 7739
22
(HPO:0000378) Cupped ear 34 / 7739
23
(HPO:0000377) Abnormality of the pinna 111 / 7739
24
(HPO:0000769) Abnormality of the breast 5 / 7739
25
(HPO:0000837) Increased circulating gonadotropin level 12 / 7739
26
(HPO:0001595) Abnormality of the hair 89 / 7739
27
(OMIM) Pronounced convex arch of eyebrows 1 / 7739
28
(OMIM) Low estrogen and progesterone 1 / 7739
29
(HPO:0000006) Autosomal dominant inheritance 2518 / 7739
30
(OMIM) Scant pubic hair 2 / 7739
31
(OMIM) Small atrophic ovaries 1 / 7739
32
(OMIM) Scant pubic and axillary hair (females) 1 / 7739
33
(OMIM) Characteristic backward head tilt 1 / 7739
34
(OMIM) Small uterus 4 / 7739
35
(OMIM) Normal breast development 1 / 7739

Associated genes:

ClinVar (via SNiPA)

Gene symbol Variation Clinical significance Reference

Additional Information:

Clinical Description OMIM Vignes (1889) probably first described this entity, a dysplasia of the eyelids. In addition to small palpebral fissures, features include epicanthus inversus (fold curving in the mediolateral direction, inferior to the inner canthus), low nasal bridge, and ptosis ...
Molecular genetics OMIM By positional cloning, Crisponi et al. (2001) identified the FOXL2 gene and identified mutations resulting in truncated proteins in affected individuals with both types I and II BPES (605597.0001 and 605597.0002). Consistent with an involvement in those tissues, ...
Diagnosis GeneReviews The diagnosis of blepharophimosis syndrome (BPES) is based primarily on the following four clinical findings, which are present at birth [Oley & Baraitser 1995]:...
Clinical Description GeneReviews Blepharophimosis syndromes type I and II are a complex eyelid malformation characterized by four major features, all present at birth: blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus. Other features frequently observed in BPES are a broad nasal bridge, low-set ears, and a short philtrum. ...
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations GeneReviews For some FOXL2 mutations, inter- and intrafamilial variable expressivity of the ovarian phenotype (female infertility, premature ovarian failure) is observed [De Baere et al 2003]. ...
Differential Diagnosis GeneReviews The differential diagnosis of BPES includes those conditions in which ptosis or blepharophimosis are major features (Table 2) [Oley & Baraitser 1995]; however, in clinical practice, blepharophimosis syndrome can be relatively easily distinguished from most of these conditions. ...
Management GeneReviews To establish the extent of disease in an individual diagnosed with blepharophimosis syndrome, the following evaluations are recommended:...
Molecular genetics GeneReviews Information in the Molecular Genetics and OMIM tables may differ from that elsewhere in the GeneReview: tables may contain more recent information. —ED....